Πάπας Σίλβεστρος Γ΄: Διαφορά μεταξύ των αναθεωρήσεων

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Έκδοση από την 12:58, 7 Δεκεμβρίου 2008

Sylvester III, né Giovanni dei Crescenzi – Ottaviani family (born in Rome; died before 1063); was Pope in 1045. When Pope Benedict IX (1032–44, 1045, 1047–48) was driven from Rome in September, 1044, John, bishop of Sabina, was elected after fierce and protracted infighting and took the title of Sylvester III in January 1045. He was later charged with having bribed his way into the election; a charge that was never confirmed to be true. Benedict IX issued an excommunication of the new Pope and within three months returned to Rome and expelled his rival, who himself returned to Sabina to again take up his office of bishop in that diocese. Nearly two years later (December 1046) the Council of Sutri deprived him of his bishopric and priesthood and ordered him sent to a monastery. This sentence was obviously suspended because he continued to function and was recognized as Bishop of Sabina until at least 1062. A successor bishop to the see of Sabina is recorded for October 1063, indicating that John must have died prior to this date.

Though some consider him to have been an antipope, Sylvester III continues to be listed as an official Pope (1046) in Vatican lists. A similar situation applies to both Pope Gregory VI (1045–46) and Pope Clement II (1046–47).

External links

(Ιταλικά) Crescenzi family

τίτλοι της Καθολικής Εκκλησίας
Προκάτοχος {{{πριν}}}	{{{τίτλος}}}	Διάδοχος {{{μετά}}}

Πρότυπο:Popes Πρότυπο:Catholicism Πρότυπο:History of the Roman Catholic Church el:Pope Sylvester III

@@ Γραμμή 1: / Γραμμή 1: @@
+{{Infobox Pope|
-{{Πάπας
+English name=Sylvester III|
- |όνομα = Σιλβέστρος Γ΄
+image=<!-- Unsourced image removed: [[Image:Pope_Silvester_III.jpg|150px]] -->|
- |εικόνα =
+birth_name=Giovanni dei Crescenzi &ndash; Ottaviani|
- |από = [[1045]]
+term_start=January 20, 1045|
- |έως = [[1045]]
+term_end=February 10, 1045|
- |προκάτοχος = [[Πάπας Βενέδικτος Θ΄|Βενέδικτος Θ΄]]
+predecessor=[[Pope Benedict IX|Benedict IX]]|
- |διάδοχος = [[Πάπας Βενέδικτος Θ΄|Βενέδικτος Θ΄]]
+successor=[[Pope Benedict IX|Benedict IX]]|
- |θυρεός =
+birth_date=???|
- }}
+birthplace=[[Rome]], [[Italy]]|
-Ο '''Σιλβέστρος Γ΄''' υπήρξε [[Πάπας]] Ρώμης το 1045. Το κοσμικό του όνομα ήταν Τζοβάνι ντέι Κρεσκέντζι (''Giovanni dei Crescenzi'') και γεννήθηκε στη [[Ρώμη]].
+dead=dead|death_date=1062 or 1063|
+deathplace=[[Sabina (region)|Sabina]], [[Italy]]|}}
+'''Sylvester III''', né '''Giovanni dei Crescenzi''' &ndash; '''Ottaviani''' family  (born in [[Rome]]; died before 1063); was [[Pope]] in 1045. When [[Pope Benedict IX]] (1032&ndash;44, 1045, 1047&ndash;48) was driven from Rome in September, 1044, John, [[bishop of Sabina]], was elected after fierce and protracted infighting and took the title of Sylvester III in January 1045. He was later charged with having bribed his way into the election; a charge that was never confirmed to be true. Benedict IX issued an excommunication of the new Pope and within three months returned to Rome and expelled his rival, who himself returned to Sabina to again take up his office of bishop in that diocese. Nearly two years later (December 1046) the [[Council of Sutri]] deprived him of his bishopric and priesthood and ordered him sent to a [[monastery]].  This sentence was obviously suspended because he continued to function and was recognized as Bishop of Sabina until at least 1062. A successor bishop to the see of Sabina is recorded for October 1063, indicating that John must have died prior to this date.
-Όταν ο [[Πάπας Βενέδικτος Θ΄]] (1032&ndash;44, 1045, 1047&ndash;48) απομακρύνθηκε από τη Ρώμη το 1044, ο Ιωάννης, επίσκοπος της Σαμπίνα εκλέχτηκε Πάπας μετά από σφοδρές συγκρούσεις και διαμάχες από τον Ιανουάριο του 1045. Κατηγορήθηκε αργότερα ότι προέβη σε δωροδοκίες προκειμένου να ανελιχθεί στον παπικό θρόνο, κατηγορία που ωστόσο δεν τεκμηριώθηκε ποτέ. Ο Βενέδικτος Θ΄ εξέδωσε αφορισμό εναντίον του νέου Πάπα  και εντός τριών μηνών επέστρεψε στη Ρώμη και τον εκδίωξε. Ο Ιωάννης επέστρεψε στην επισκοπή του και ανέλαβε εκ νέου καθήκοντα επισκόπου. Σχεδόν δύο χρόνια αργότερα (Δεκέμβριος 1046) η [[Σύνοδος του Σουτρίου]] τον καθαίρεσε και τον  έστειλε έγκλειστο σε ένα [[μοναστήρι]].  Η καταδίκη του αυτή προφανώς αναστάλθηκε καθώς συνέχισε να ιερουργεί και αναγνωρίζεται επίσκοπος της Σαβίνα μέχρι τουλάχιστον το 1062. Διάδοχος στην επισκοπή αυτή δεν έχει καταγραφεί μέχρι τον Οκτώβριο του 1063, κάτι που αποτελεί ένδειξη ότι ο Ιωάννης πρέπει να πέθανε πριν την ημερομηνία αυτή.
+Though some consider him to have been an antipope, Sylvester III continues to be listed as an official Pope (1046) in Vatican lists.  A similar situation applies to both [[Pope Gregory VI]] (1045&ndash;46) and [[Pope Clement II]] (1046&ndash;47).
-Αν και από ορισμένους θεωρείται [[αντιπάπας]], ο Σιλβέστρος συνεχίζει να συγκαταλέγεται     σαν επίσημος Πάπας (1046) στους καταλόγους του Βατικανού. Παρόμοια είναι και η περίπτωση του [[Πάπας Γρηγόριος ΣΤ΄|Γρηγορίου ΣΤ΄]] (1045&ndash;46) και του [[Πάπας Κλήμης Β΄|Κλήμη Β΄]] (1046&ndash;47).
+==External links==
-==Εξωτερικοί σύνδεσμοι==
-*{{it}} [http://www.serlupi.it/Crescenzi.html  Οικογένεια Κρεσκέντζι]
+*{{it}} [http://www.serlupi.it/Crescenzi.html  Crescenzi family]
+{{s-start}}
+{{s-rel|ca}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Pope Benedict IX|Benedict IX]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[Pope]]|years=1045}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Pope Benedict IX|Benedict IX]]}}
+{{end}}
+{{Popes}}
-{{Πάπες Ρώμης}}
+{{Catholicism}}
+{{History of the Roman Catholic Church}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Sylvester 03}}
-[[Κατηγορία:Πάπες Ρώμης|Σιλβεστρος Γ]]
+[[Category:Popes]]
+[[Category:Italian popes]]
+[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Sabina]]
+[[Category:Early 11th century archbishops]]
+[[Category:People from Rome (city)]]
+[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
+[[Category:1060s deaths|1060s deaths]]
 [[af:Pous Silvester III]]
@@ Γραμμή 26: / Γραμμή 43: @@
 [[cs:Silvestr III.]]
 [[de:Silvester III.]]
-[[en:Pope Sylvester III]]
+[[el:Pope Sylvester III]]
 [[es:Silvestre III]]
 [[fr:Sylvestre III]]